At The Farewell Guide, we believe that everyone deserves dignity, respect and care at the end of their life, regardless of their circumstances. Here’s what typically happens when someone dies in care without loved ones to support them – and how society ensures they are not forgotten.
The Role of the Care Provider
When a person dies in a care home or hospital with no known relatives, the staff will follow strict legal and ethical procedures. They will attempt to notify any next of kin if there are known contacts. If none can be found, they’ll contact the local council or hospital bereavement team to begin the next steps.
Care providers ensure the deceased is treated with dignity and that their death is registered in the usual way. Any known wishes (such as a preference for burial or cremation) will be followed wherever possible.
What Is a Public Health Funeral?
If no one is available or willing to make funeral arrangements, the responsibility typically falls to the local authority. Under the Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984, councils in England and Wales are legally required to arrange a funeral for anyone who dies in their area when no other arrangements are being made.
These are sometimes referred to as "public health funerals" or informally as “pauper’s funerals” – though this old term doesn’t reflect the care that is often taken. Public health funerals are usually simple cremations (occasionally burials, depending on known wishes or local policy) and are funded by the council.
What Happens to the Person’s Belongings and Estate?
If the deceased had any assets, the local authority may seek to recover funeral costs from their estate. If there is no will and no known relatives, their estate is referred to the Government Legal Department through a process known as bona vacantia meaning "ownerless goods." The estate may be held for several years in case relatives come forward.
Does Anyone Attend These Funerals?
One of the more heartbreaking aspects of a public health funeral is that they are often unattended. However, some care staff, hospital chaplains or members of the community may attend to pay their respects. Increasingly, charities, local volunteers and funeral directors try to ensure that even the most modest funeral still includes some moment of reflection and dignity.
How You Can Help
These situations highlight the importance of planning ahead and having conversations about your wishes – even if you live alone or feel disconnected from others. Writing a will, recording your funeral preferences and appointing a power of attorney can ensure your wishes are known and carried out.
If you’re concerned about someone who may be at risk of dying without support, perhaps a neighbour, a care home resident or someone in your community, reaching out and helping them document their wishes can make a meaningful difference.
A Farewell for Everyone
At The Farewell Guide, we’re working to make funeral planning more accessible and transparent for all. Everyone deserves a farewell that reflects their life, values and dignity – no matter their circumstances.
If you’re unsure where to start, we offer clear, compassionate tools and resources to help guide you through every step of the process. Whether you’re planning ahead or arranging a funeral for someone who didn’t leave a plan.